Housebuilder Gladedale Heading For Auction

By Mark Kleinman, City Editor

Gladedale, one of a glut of housebuilders which ran into financial trouble during the 2009 banking crisis, is being groomed for a sale amid a sharp upturn in the industry's fortunes.

I have learnt that Gladedale, which has a significant presence in both the residential and commercial property sectors, is in discussions with banks about the launch of a process to sell or float the company later this year.

The company is expected to appoint an adviser to help assemble an exit within the next six weeks, according to insiders.

Based in Dunfermline, Gladedale is part-owned by Lloyds Banking Group, the state-backed lender, having expanded rapidly to become one of the UK's 10 biggest housebuilders in 2006.

Lloyds owns roughly 30% of the ordinary shares in the company following a debt-for-equity swap struck in September 2009.

Under that deal, Lloyds, which had recently taken control of HBOS, the stricken mortgage lender, also acquired preference shares in Gladedale in exchange for writing off approximately £500m in debt.

Gladedale's flagship projects include the Quartermile development in Edinburgh.

Lloyds is understood to be supportive of the decision to launch a sale of the company, which is likely to generate a return for it of roughly £100m. Last year, the bank refinanced £455m of Gladedale's borrowing facilities, giving the company until next year to repay its loans.

The appointment of bankers to offload Gladedale follows the recent sale of Cala Homes and Countryside, two other housebuilders which became part-owned by Lloyds by virtue of its HBOS rescue.

The flurry of sales involving housebuilding groups backed by Lloyds underlines the extent to which HBOS became embroiled in excessive lending to the sector during the boom which preceded the financial crisis, a trend criticised in a recent report by the Parliamentary Commission on Banking Standards.

It also reflects the stark turnaround in the industry's fortunes in the wake of a string of Government policies aimed at stimulating housebuilding activity. In last month's Budget, George Osborne announced the launch of Help To Buy, a new scheme aimed at first-time buyers.

Cala, also headquartered in Scotland, was bought by a joint venture between Legal & General, the insurer, and Patron Capital, the private equity group, in a £210m deal.

Countryside sold a large stake to Oaktree Capital, another investment firm, in February, while Crest Nicholson, a larger rival, floated on the London stock exchange earlier this year.

Assuming Lloyds successfully sells its stake in Gladedale, it would be the last remaining equity stake in a major housebuilder to be removed from the bank's books.

Lloyds declined to comment, while a spokesperson for Gladedale, which is run by former Redrow boss Neil Fitzsimmons, said: "It is our policy not to comment on market rumour."

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Tesco Confirms US Exit And Profit Fall

Tesco has confirmed its first fall in annual profits for 20 years and writedowns totalling more than £2.5bn as it moves to concentrate on improving its UK supermarket business.

The retailer confirmed it is exiting its loss-making Fresh & Easy operation in the United States, with a resulting £1.2bn writedown a major factor behind its 51.5% fall in pre-tax profit to £1.96bn in the year to February 13.

Tesco was also hit by costs related to its turnaround plan for the UK while its bank's exposure to the payment protection insurance scandal grew to £115m.

A writedown of £804m was also confirmed on the value of its UK property portfolio as it scrapped more than 100 store developments to focus on store revamps, convenience stores and improved delivery to online customers.

Tesco is seeking a buyer for its Fresh & Easy operations

A £495m 'goodwill impairment' relating to its operations in Poland, the Czech Republic and Turkey was announced too.

Tesco's chief executive Philip Clarke said that the actions would put the company "back on the right track" to deliver long-term growth for shareholders though its share price took a 2.8% hit when trading opened in London.

He continued: "The large stores we have are great and we are doing a lot of work to make them more vibrant and relevant for today's customers, but we won't need many more of them because growth in future will be multi-channel - a combination of big stores, local convenience stores and online."

The group said fourth quarter sales at British stores open over a year, excluding fuel and VAT, grew 0.5% - a slowdown from growth of 1.8% in the six weeks to January 5.

Philip Clarke has signalled an end to 'store wars' by halting new building

Mr Clarke admitted that sales over the past few months had been impacted by the horsemeat scandal as customers steered clear of frozen meat products.

Tesco had to withdraw four products from sale amid the crisis, but said the effect on overall sales was minimal and stressed that trading was now "back to normal".

While still well ahead of its supermarket rivals in terms of market share, Tesco has been facing a greater challenge from the likes of Asda, Morrisons and Sainsbury's.

They had been investing in their UK operations at a time when Tesco had concentrated on diversifying its business.

Tesco apologised in January for horsemeat in some of its burgers

Last year, Mr Clarke pledged a £1bn investment to upgrade its stores and customer service offering - at one stage taking personal charge of the turnaround plan.

Capital expenditure fell by 19% or £0.7bn to £3bn in the financial year.

Recent surveys have suggested the supermarket chain is still struggling to win round customers, with a study by Which? in February suggesting that Tesco was the most complained-about.

Researchers Espirito Santo said this week that customer perceptions of Tesco had deteriorated since November, with the horsemeat scandal a contributory factor.

It found that views on Tesco's quality, prices, promotions and overall value for money had all fallen while a net 16% of Tesco customers chose to shop more elsewhere because of horsemeat.

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IMF Inflicts 'Double Blow' On George Osborne

By Ed Conway, Economics Editor, in Washington

The International Monetary Fund's chief economist has warned George Osborne that he is "playing with fire" with his fiscal policy.

In an interview with Sky News, Olivier Blanchard also said that the Chancellor should have changed his austerity strategy at the Budget last month.

The comments came as the IMF unveiled new forecasts which showed a dramatically weaker outlook for the British economy.

Asked about Britain's prospects, Mr Blanchard said: "I think conditions have deteriorated. There is no question that the fiscal plan - which was designed a few years back - was assuming that private demand would be stronger than it is.

"So the question is what do you do? Well the first line of defence is you let the so-called automatic stabilisers play.

"That has been done, that's good. But then at some stage you actually have to sit down and say: do we continue?

"The danger of having no growth, or very little growth, for a long time is very high; you get a number of vicious cycles which come into play… the result is that [people] don't spend, output is low.

"And I think you're playing with fire when you get to very low growth rates so... if you can decrease the speed of fiscal consolidation maintaining  the credibility (so it's not a question of whether, it's a question of when), when growth is close to zero I think yes it's worth considering."

Asked whether Mr Osborne had wasted the opportunity of the Budget, Mr Blanchard said: "Well, 'waste' is too strong, but they surely could have done more, yes."

The comments are likely to infuriate the Treasury, which has insisted that its austerity plan is the only sensible course for the UK, and that Mr Blanchard is wrong.

The chief economist said his response to this was: "That I think that I am right and they are wrong."

The comments come after the IMF said that Britain's economy would grow by a mere 0.7% this year and by 1.5% in 2014.

That is a 0.3 percentage point cut for each year.

The combined cut for the two years is greater than for any other leading economy, including the US, Italy and Spain.

Although the 2013 forecast is marginally stronger than that of the Office for Budget Responsibility's 0.6%, the 2014 forecast is markedly weaker than the OBR's 1.8%.

It came as the IMF warned in its closely-watched World Economic Outlook report that the world economy was in danger of moving from being a "two-speed economy" to a "three-speed economy" as the US picks up pace and Europe is left behind.

The Fund also put pressure on the Bank of England to consider more radical action to kick-start the economy, pointing out that the impact of the Funding for Lending Scheme "has been limited, encouraging mortgage lending more than lending to small and medium-size businesses".

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Npower: Energy Firm Denies Tax Avoidance

Npower has admitted it has not paid corporation tax in the UK for three years - just months after increasing prices by around 9%.

The company made the admission to the Energy and Climate Change select committee - but its boss said they had invested billions in new power stations and wind technology.

Chief Executive Paul Massara said: "Effectively we have invested £5bn in the last five years building power plants, creating jobs, creating employment and helping to keep the lights on.

"If we had not made that investment we would not have the deductibility that we would be allowed. That is a simple accounting UK rule."

Npower reported a 34% rise in profits to £413m last year.

The admission came as the "big six" energy companies were questioned by MPs over topics including profits and how they treat their customers.

A company statement added: "Looking at RWE npower specifically, our investment programme since 2008 has amounted to almost £3bn, which means we have seen a large increase in tax relief.

"This is in no way tax avoidance, and all of our business is taxable in the UK. We've not paid corporation tax because we've been investing hundreds of millions to keep the UK's lights on."

Prime Minister David Cameron's official spokesman said: "I wouldn't comment on an individual taxpayer.

"More broadly, the Prime Minister's view is that it is important that companies pay the tax that is due."

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New Round Of Fuel Price Cuts Revealed

Petrol: The Pump Price Conundrum

Updated: 10:35pm UK, Wednesday 30 January 2013

By Ursula Errington, Business Correspondent

So, the OFT says motorists aren't being ripped off, that the price of petrol on our forecourts is fair and isn't the result of collusion or price-fixing.

Outraged motoring groups still aren't convinced.

The reality is, I don't think anyone knows how to work out the relationship between crude oil and pump price.

From the moment crude oil is pumped out of the ground to when we hand over our money at the till to pay for a topped-up tank, the price of the commodity has been influenced by multiple markets all subject to their own supply and demand idiosyncrasies.

I last worked in oil trading about a decade ago and back then the relationship between the price of Brent crude oil and pump prices was deemed to be pretty sketchy.

Assiduous analysts, whose job it was to structure financial instruments to hedge the bank's customers with exposure to fluctuations in the oil market, pored over oil prices and pump price data looking for a concrete correlation on which to base a safe hedging instrument.

Judging by the collective sighing, teeth-gnashing and head-in-hand gestures, it proved both time consuming and difficult.

Broadly a six-week time lag was identified between a movement in the crude oil price to a correlating adjustment in the pump prices back then but it was considered too statistically patchy to appeal to clients.

So why is it so difficult to find a relationship between the price of oil and the pump price drivers pay?

Firstly, pricing crude oil itself is pretty complicated. Before the black stuff is even out of the ground its anticipated value has been traded on the futures market for weeks, months or years before.

On any one day the oil price is set by taking a combination of a weighted average and straight average up to two months in the future, of all the trades over 600,000 barrels executed on the electronic trading platform the Intercontinental Exchange (ICE).

So it is fair to say that part of the oil price is set by traders who are speculating, who have no intention of allowing their futures contracts to mature and "go physical" (i.e. become related to an actual cargo of oil) but who are buying and selling futures contracts depending on their day-to-day view of the multiplicity of variables effecting the market.

This need not be considered a bad thing. Speculative traders aren't just plucking figures out of the air, they are working on the basis of fine-tuned mathematical models used to assist them in weighting all the factors in play - an outlandish speculative trade based on few decent indicators wouldn't be in their interest at all.

Crucially, these traders add a huge volume of trades to the market, which actually means that big distortions in one trader's view are evened out across the average when the price is set. 

Then there is the shipping market to get the stuff to shore. Highly volatile and as prone to geo-political influences as the commodity itself, shipping deals are opaque because they are over-the-counter and are often based on long-term trading relationships.

The economics of refining are also unhelpfully complex, predominantly because optimising refinery operations is tricky.

Refinery margins (the difference in price between the wholesale value of the products coming out of the refinery and the crude oil from which they were derived) have been surging for many companies of late because of a relative drop in the cost of crude oil and solid demand for products but unscheduled refinery outages, workers on strike, storage costs, changes in the quality of the crude itself - all these things will impact the margin within hours.

And then there's the cost of haulage and the variables at petrol station level, such as a franchise owner's credit rating, local forecourt wars and location.

All of that and we still have some of the cheapest fuel in Europe, according to the OFT.

But it's not over yet - the taxman must also have his share. In the 10 years from 2003 to 2012, prices at the pump increased from 76p per litre (ppl) to 136ppl for petrol and from 78ppl to 142ppl for diesel. Nearly 24ppl of that increase was because of tax and duty.

Is it any wonder then that trying to compare the price of crude oil and the pump price proves a largely fruitless task?

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New EasyJet Chair: Next's Chairman In Frame

By Mark Kleinman, City Editor

John Barton, the chairman of fashion retailer Next, has emerged as a leading candidate to chair easyJet, the FTSE-100 low-cost airline.

I understand that Mr Barton is on a shortlist of contenders vying to replace Sir Mike Rake, who is due to step down from the role this summer and who will assume the presidency of the CBI, the business lobby group.

The board of easyJet has yet to make a decision about Sir Mike's successor and insiders said on Monday that at least one other person was still in the frame alongside Mr Barton.

"His is one of the names in the mix but it isn't the only one," said one insider.

A decision about easyJet's new chairman, which could come as soon as this week, will be significant because of the fractious relationship that Sir Mike and his predecessors have had with Sir Stelios Haji-Ioannou, the airline's founder and largest shareholder.

Sir Stelios has called on easyJet's management to slow the pace of new aircraft deliveries and focus on improving shareholder returns.

Many independent shareholders have, though, backed Sir Mike and Carolyn McCall, easyJet's chief executive, following a surge in profits and its share price, which have propelled the company into London's blue-chip index.

The easyJet founder has fought a long-running battle against Sir Mike, accusing him of having too many corporate roles and being complicit in the lavish pay culture at Barclays, where he is deputy chairman.

He has threatened to further reduce his stake in the airline if the company places a large order to expand its fleet in the coming months.

Among the other candidates to replace Sir Mike is Charles Gurassa, who already sits on easyJet's board as its deputy chairman and senior independent director. Archie Norman, the ITV chairman, has also been speculated in the City as a potentially popular choice for the job.

Mr Barton, who is 68, would probably be viewed by easyJet shareholders as a safe option to take on the role. He has chaired Next since 2006 and would be expected to hand over the reins at some point in the next couple of years.

He has also chaired companies including Brit Insurance, Cable & Wireless Worldwide and Jardine Lloyd Thompson.

An easyJet spokesman declined to comment.

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Cyprus Bailout Deal Is Hit By New Fears

Cyprus' central bank governor has warned he will only work with ministers on the country's EU bailout if the bank's independence is respected.

The comments from governor Panicos Demetriades come following a rift in Nicosia between the bank and political leaders over the EU/IMF-brokered bailout.

Last week, the government said the total bailout cost had jumped 6bn euros (£5.1bn) to 23bn (£19.6bn).

Mr Demetriades was appointed last May by the communist former administration but tension with the ruling centre-right government, in power for just two months, has deepened.

There has been growing pressure on him to resign over his handling of the economic crisis amid an unprecedented levy placed on bank accounts.

Cyprus President Nicos Anastasiades has been accused of meddling

In the past week, the southern Cypriot parliament has started an investigation against Mr Demetriades.

President Nicos Anastasiades's government withdrew the appointment of his trusted deputy and three central bank officials resigned.

The unfolding drama drew a scathing response from European Central Bank (ECB) president Mario Draghi, who wrote to the Cypriot president telling him any attempt to effectively sack the governor could land Cyprus in the European Court of Justice.

Mr Anastasiades, when asked by reporters to comment on the apparent feud between the two bodies, said he was "frankly, very saddened".

"My intention to work with the country's democratic institutions is a given," Mr Demetriades, who sits on the ECB's governing council, was quoted as saying in an interview with the Phileleftheros newspaper.

"We are ready to respond to every call for cooperation and coordination for the benefit of this country always, however within the framework of total respect towards the central bank's  independence, as stipulated by the ECB."

ECB president Mario Draghi has warned the southern Cypriot president

Under European Union law, a governor can only be dismissed if he no longer fulfils the conditions required for the performance of his duties, or if he is guilty of serious misconduct.

The investigation launched by Cypriot politicians last week is seeking to find out whether Mr Demetriades supplied enough information during an investigation into the demise of Cyprus's two biggest lenders, which left the economy in disarray.

The collapse of the Mediterranean island's banking system imposed massive losses on depositors in order to qualify for its 10bn euro (£8.5bn) bailout by the EU and IMF.

:: Gold futures dropped below the $1,500 barrier on Friday, the lowest since July 2011, just days after Cyprus moved to sell 10 tons of reserves to help fund the bailout.

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Little Chef Restaurant Chain Put Up For Sale

By Tadhg Enright, Business Correspondent

Roadside restaurant chain 'Little Chef' has been put up for sale - six years after it was rescued from administration.

Business turnaround specialists RCapital, which took control of Little Chef in 2007, have appointed KPMG to find a buyer.

It is understood there have already been expressions of interest from potential buyers.

Over the past six years, the chain famous for its 'Fat Charlie' logo has been slimmed down from more than 200 to 83 profitable sites beside A-roads all over Britain.

It also recruited celebrity chef Heston Blumenthal to revamp its menu as part of a Channel 4 documentary.

Sky sources say its estate of restaurants, most of which have large car parks, should appeal to coffee chains or convenience stores.

Heston Blumenthal attempted to revive Little Chef's fortunes

In a statement, RCapital said: "Over the last six years, RCapital has successfully completed an operational turnaround and financial restructuring, which has repositioned the business and brought the group of companies back into profitability.

"The move was part of a long-term critical rebuild strategy to create consistently profitable sites against the backdrop of one of the worst recessions in living memory.

"With the turnaround successfully completed, it's time to explore the next phase for the food service operator."

Little Chef employs 1,100 staff and serves six million customers a year.

Its first branch, which had just 11 seats, opened in Reading in 1958, but by the 1980s Little Chef had become a fixture of British motoring with more than 230 branches at its peak.

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Exclusive: CVC Mulls £750m Gamble On Betfair

By Mark Kleinman, City Editor

The private equity group behind Formula One motor racing is mulling a takeover approach for Betfair, the online betting exchange which floated on the London market three years ago.

I have learned that CVC Capital Partners, one of the biggest buyout firms in the world, is in the early stages of considering a bid to take Betfair private.

The private equity group, which has reaped a handsome profit from its investment in F1, has not approached the board of Betfair, and has yet to line up financing for a bid, insiders said on Saturday.

Betfair's share price has risen sharply in recent months, largely on the back of speculation that it might be ripe for a takeover.

One person close to the situation cautioned that the company's share price "already contained a takeover premium", and warned that a further jump in the value of the stock may bring a premature end to CVC's interest in the company.

On Friday, Betfair's shares closed at 699.5p, roughly 9 per cent above a 52-week low set in January.

The authorities which govern the City's takeover disclosure regime have become increasingly fastidious in recent years and are likely to force CVC to declare its hand if Betfair's share price moves sharply on Monday.

One person familiar with CVC's thinking confirmed that it had begun contemplating an offer for Betfair but said it may yet opt to cease that work if approached by the Takeover Panel, enabling it to issue a statement saying that it was not pursuing an offer.

"We never comment on market rumour or speculation," a CVC spokesman said on Saturday.

Key to the success of any bid to take control of Betfair would be the attitude of the gambling exchange's founders, Andrew Black and Edward Wray.

Between them, they own approximately 20% of the company, with a number of big technology investors such as the Japanese firm Softbank and Balderton Capital also holding significant stakes.

It is unclear whether CVC has approached either Mr Black or Mr Wray about its interest, although one insider said any takeover ambition would be "dead" without their support.

Betfair floated at £13-a-share, but its poor post-listing performance left investors nursing significant losses, making it one of a series of prominent companies, such as Ocadon, the online grocer, and Glencore, the commodities trader, to suffer a slump in its value after launching an initial public offering.

Betfair has endured a torrid time during its brief life as a public company, parting with a string of top executives.

The current boss, Breon Corcoran, joined in 2012 from rival gambling group Paddy Power. He has opted to reshape the company's operations, withdrawing from troubled Eurozone markets such as Greece, and selling non-core assets such as its stake in LMAX, a financial trading platform.

Like many gaming companies, it has also faced regulatory battles over tax issues, leading to a decision to pull out of the German market. It now intends to focus on regulated markets, and is attempting to turn around the fortunes of its struggling online poker business.

Last month, Betfair reported a 4% fall in unaudited revenues for the three months to January 31 against the same period a year earlier.

"Betfair performed well in the third quarter and the business is on track against our full year expectations. UK revenue was up 6% driven by the continued strength of mobile betting as well as favourable sporting outcomes," Mr Corcoran said in March.

"In line with our previous guidance, international revenues declined as a result of regulatory change and our focus on sustainable jurisdictions.

"The new leadership team is in place and has started to implement the changes required to make Betfair a more focused and leaner organisation."

A spokesman for Betfair, which is chaired by Gerald Corbett, the former Railtrack boss, declined to comment.

CVC, which owns stakes in the Virgin Active gyms chain and the parent company of Madame Tussauds, has an extensive track record in the leisure and sports industries.

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Banks Slammed Over Account Complaints Handling

A fifth of complaints about current accounts at banks and building societies are not being resolved to the customer's satisfaction, a survey says.

Consumer group Which found that 26% of customers, equating to 12 million people across the country, have experienced problems in the last 12 months.

Of these, two-thirds have made a complaint and 22% of people who did so were not happy with the end result.

The findings, which come at a time when moves are under way to make it easier for people to switch current accounts and encourage competition, were made following a survey of 2,000 people across the UK in February.

Common causes for complaint included poor customer service, incorrect charges, difficulty getting through to someone and mistakes showing up on statements.

Three in 10 people who did complain said they had to do so more than once before the issue was put right.

Which? said it had found Lloyds TSB to be the bank with the highest proportion of customers saying they had experienced some sort of problem at 30%, followed closely by Lloyds' sister bank Bank of Scotland, as well as the Co-operative Bank.

Out of the 12 banks and building societies surveyed, the proportion of customers who had experienced problems tended to be lower among First Direct and Nationwide customers, according to the findings.

Which? executive director, Richard Lloyd said: "There's been a lot to complain about in banking over the last few years and to win back our trust they must sort out their complaints handling. When things go wrong it is critical that banks act swiftly and fairly to deal with the problem, identify what caused it and make sure it's not repeated.

"The way that a bank deals with complaints says a lot about the culture of the organisation. Some banks are getting this right but they all need to do more to put their customers first."

Lloyds Banking Group said it was "disappointed" to see the Which? findings, particularly as it has reduced its number of complaints last year by 28%.

A spokeswoman for Lloyds said: "Our commitment to service is central to our aim of being the best bank for our customers. To do this, we'll continue to listen to our customers' feedback, focus on their needs and fix the cause of complaints and urge any customer who has an issue with their account to contact us."

The Co-op Bank also said it was disappointed, adding that the findings do not reflect its experience with customer satisfaction surveys or complaints.

A statement from Co-op said: "Despite the very low sample size of our customers in this survey, we are not complacent about the findings or our position and we do take any feedback on our customer service extremely seriously.

"We are now working with Which? to understand the research in more detail and will be addressing those areas in which we have fallen short as a priority."

Here are the proportions of each bank and building society's customers in the Which? survey who have experienced problems with their accounts in the last 12 months:

:: Lloyds TSB, 30%
:: Co-operative Bank, 29%
:: Bank of Scotland, 29%
:: RBS, 28%
:: Barclays, 27%
:: Santander, 27%
:: Halifax, 27%
:: NatWest, 26%
:: HSBC, 22%
:: Yorkshire Bank, 19%
:: Nationwide, 12%
:: First Direct, 9%

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